- Causes of stridor In pediatrics.

Causes of stridor according to site of obstruction.

-Nose and pharynx: (by laryngeal compression)

• Lingual thyroid or thyroglossal cyst 
• Macroglossia(Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, hypothyroidism, Pompe disease, trisomy 21, hemangioma).
• Micrognathia (Pierre Robin syndrome, Treacher Collins syndrome,DiGeorge syndrome)
• Hypertrophic tonsils/adenoids
• Retropharyngeal or peritonsillar abscess / hematoma
• Tongue teratoma or dermoid 
• Masses: e.g. cystic hygroma or other malformation

-Larynx:
Not acute:

• Laryngomalacia
• Congenital subglottic stenosis
• Vocal cord paralysis
• Laryngeal atresia/web 
• Congenital Subglottic hemangioma
• Vascular ring compression syndrome.
• Laryngocele/cyst
• Laryngeal papillomas 
• GERD

Acute:

• Acute Inflammatory Upper Airway Obstruction: (Croup,Laryngitis , Epiglotitis and Tracheitis) 
• Spasmodic croup
• Anaphylaxis
• Angioneurotic edema
• Foreign body aspiration
• Hypocalcemic laryngospasm

- Proximal trachea

• Tracheal web
• Tracheomalacia
• Bacterial tracheitis
• External compression
• Traceo-esophageal fistula 

Ibrahim samaha