Modes of infectious disease transmission

 Modes of infectious disease transmission

An infectious agent may be transmitted from its natural reservoir to a susceptible host in different ways.

There are different classifications for modes of transmission. 

Here is one classification:

A.   General transmission

B.   Human-to-human transmission:

• Direct
  • Direct contact
  • Droplet spread
• Indirect
  • Airborne
  • Vehicleborne
  • Vectorborne (mechanical or biologic)

 more in this file

- Understanding Bronchial Asthma Triggers.

 Understanding Bronchial Asthma Triggers.

1. Allergens: 

• Allergen exposures in sensitized individuals can initiate airways inflammation and hypersensitivity to other irritant exposures, and are strongly linked to disease severity and persistence. 
• Consequently, eliminating the offending allergen(s) can lead to resolution of asthma symptoms and can sometimes cure asthma.

- Newborn with Focal colonic fits.

Newborn aged 3 days delivered by Caesarean section with history of perinatal asphyxia and prolonged resuscitation and need intubation in delivery room admitted into our NICU on mechanical ventilator and show right upper limb colonic fits.

- Infant girl with whooping cough (Video)

Infant girl with whooping cough

Mother holding infant girl in Intensive Care Unit. The baby has pertussis (whooping cough) and is coughing severely.

- Baby with viral croup (video).

2 years old female presenting with barking cough, stridor

The child have:

• stridor at rest 
• Subcostal and suprasternal retraction 

As classified by Westley score  minimally she has Moderate croup

- Tools commonly used in neonatal ICU.

NICU Tools

(Tools commonly used in neonatal ICU)

• GIR.
• Sodium replacement formula
• Plasma osmolalit
• Half correction of Bicarbonate
• UVC length
• ETT Size
• ETT length at lip
• ETT length at nares
• Dopamine / Dobutamine calculation
• Creatinine clearance (Schwartz formula)
• Exchange transfusion

For all click here

- The Fenton growth chart for preterm infants.

The Fenton growth chart for preterm infants.

  “The Fenton growth chart for preterm infants has been revised to accommodate the World Health Organization Growth Standard and reflect actual age instead of completed weeks, in order to improve preterm infant growth monitoring.”

These growth charts:
Are: “commonly used in NICUs today” -  American Academy of Pediatrics 2014 Nutrition Handbook 

To download PDFs of growth CHARTS..  
2013 Preterm Growth Chart for Girls 
2013 Preterm Growth Chart for Boys 

Adapted from 2013 GROWTH CHART

- How to use an accuhaler?

How to use an accuhaler for bronchial asthma

- Shorter Antibiotic Treatment for Otitis Media!

Shorter Antibiotic Treatment for Otitis Media!

- PICC Placement in the Neonate.

PICC Placement in the Neonate.

Long-term vascular access is often required in neonatal patients for the delivery of life-sustaining medications and nutrition. This video demonstrates the placement of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in a neonate.

- Umbilical Vascular Catheterization.

Umbilical Vascular Catheterization.

The placement of umbilical catheters is an essential technique for the treatment of many newborns in unstable condition. This video will demonstrate the placement of catheters in the umbilical vein and the umbilical artery. Careful preparation, sterile technique, and attention to